Senior Design Projects

Engineering Senior Design Projects

During the fall and spring semesters of their senior year, engineering students at Saint Louis University School of Science and Engineering participate in a capstone experience called Senior Design.

Students form teams to research, design, and even produce a prototype of an original system of their own design. These courses bring together many concepts that were introduced in the undergraduate curriculum.

2023 Student Projects

Aviation Science

Air-Carrier Fatigue Mitigation Strategies

Ashleigh Bick-Dawes, Jacob Flowers, Tyler Lambert, Michael O'Donnell

Our project seeks to identify and examine air-carrier fatigue mitigation strategies and the effects of sleep quality and sleep deprivation. We want to examine the current sleeping conditions of the crew and how to best improve these conditions for the future. We're reviewing relevant documents and surveys to best tell a story on how the risk associated with fatigue can be decreased in aviation.

Culture in the Cockpit

Akio Hansen, Hannah Nodge, Curtis Scott, Ashley Storz

Our project will showcase the influences of culture and diversity that interact in an aviation context. We will focus on these impacts specifically within the cockpit and how all of these aspects come together to create various dynamic teams and scenarios. We discovered that culture has an impact on safety as seen through our various lenses of research. Overall, we have seen how culture and diversity shape the cockpit in regard to safety and teamwork.

Environmental Impacts of Aviation: Aircraft Design

Jerry Cockrum, Angie Lowell, Sisheng Ma, Nathan Seliner

The goal of our project is to find the most impactful ways through aircraft design to reduce aircraft emissions and improve fuel efficiency. By looking at many different types of aircraft, performance characteristics, and manufacturers, we found that a combination of varying aircraft design improvements is necessary to lowering emissions overall. From the widespread implementation of turbofan engines to switching to advanced composite materials and laminar flow airfoils, there are several key factors of aircraft design that can work together to help our industry achieve carbon-neutral growth.

Ground Infrastructure Considerations for Alternative-Energy Aircraft

Sam Byrne, Eric Deles, Kyle Kaestner, Marike Kobepa, Joseph Mason

Multiple air carriers and aircraft manufacturers are exploring alternative energy sources to meet carbon reduction targets. As there are multiple competing technologies, it is as of yet unclear which technologies will be adopted as the standard, and what the ground infrastructure requirements for these aircraft will be. This paper will explore what steps airports of various sizes might need to take in order to accommodate these new alternative-power aircraft.

Is the TSA an Illusion of Safety?

Stephen Lindberg, Nick Bohn, Adam Shelton, Andrew Sinelli

We are comparing data between the effectiveness of the TSA鈥檚 security to other security administrations in other countries.

Mental Health in the Aviation Industry

Marisa Warren, Chris Moll, Alma Karabas, Ijah Morgan

Our project will be regarding the discussion of mental health of aviation professionals. We will gather information from reliable sources to observe a rough idea of the mental state of aviation professionals. We will also look at the resources that are provided to enhance the quality of life for employees. Finally, we make a critical evaluation of how airline companies can improve, or continue to provide good resources.

Mitigating Stress in the Cockpit

Salem Alotaibi, David, Barajas, Zachary Carlson, Michael Place

Pilots are tasked to evaluate their physical and mental wellness before conducting a flight by utilizing the IM SAFE Checklist. The checklist asks pilots to evaluate their stress levels and determine whether or not they pose a safety risk to fly their aircraft. If stress poses a danger to a pilot and their operation, what are ways that pilots can mitigate their stress in order to safely fly, and are they effective? Our group researched how different stressors affect pilots in a multitude of aeronautical situations. We then examined the different ways pilots mitigate these stressors and referenced studies to determine if these mitigation strategies worked in reducing stress.

Runway Capacity in the U.S.: Current vs. Forecasted Needs

Fares Alenzi, Mohamed Almajid, Christian Henkel, Devin Henneberry, Chase Meyer

There aren鈥檛 enough runways to meet the growing concentration and demand of airline travel in the US. Three reasons for this are: environmental concerns to building runways, funding/resource issues to expanding airports/runways, and difficulties of acquiring land to expand airports/runways. These issues are somewhat unique to the US in comparison to other countries with more centralized government oversight and control. This paper will ascertain that the current capacity of airports/runways will not be able to meet growing demand, and it will examine these three primary roadblocks to expanding airport infrastructure 鈥� specifically runways.

Socioeconomic Boundaries of Becoming a Pilot

Xander Jones, Jamison McCarty, Al Schulz, Holden Strickland-Amico

Our project focuses on the socioeconomic boundaries preventing those aspiring to become a pilot. Currently, the aviation industry is predominantly made up of white male students. Our project dives into boundaries preventing those who want to become a pilot. This may include financial, interest, and understanding of the pathway forward.

The Feasibility of Lowering Hiring Minimums in the United States: A Comparative Analysis

Logan Hine, Ahmed Lingga, Mince Mbisikmbo, Patrick Waterman

What effect would changing hiring minimums in the United States have on flight training and CFI鈥檚? We want to look at hiring minimum data from other countries as they apply to airline jobs as well as private jet jobs to evaluate whether or not that has a large effect on CFI鈥檚 or flight training in general. We will evaluate how America has changed since hours went up and we hope to predict what would happen if hiring minimums (for airlines and charter jobs) were to be lowered.

Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering

Assessing Anemia in Resource-Poor Regions

Amogh Chariyaman, Andrew Kotz, Jake Little, Kevin Noonan

There exists a need within developing regions to quantify hematocrit reproducibly and accurately. Through lab testing, a distinct linear regression has been determined between the decent time of sampled blood in a solution of copper sulfate and hemoglobin/hematocrit concentration. Said correlation provides the basis for quantifiable test results which do not exist with current low-cost methods. Future work focuses on automizing the testing processes through infrared-photogate timing and data reduction algorithms. Ultimately, the project aims to implement the automized low-cost testing method in conjunction with Randolph Ministries in Haiti.

FREQSAT (Frequency Response Earthquake Satellite Constellation)

Ford Frazer; Cullen Leming; Blake Peftoulidis; Nicole Russ; Shane Todd

FREQSAT (Frequency Response Earthquake Detection Satellite Constellation) is a 3U-CubeSat constellation mission to detect Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) radiation as a means of detecting major earthquakes and transmitting data to the ground network efficiently. Based on QUAKESAT, a decommissioned single CubeSat mission from Stanford University back in 2003, FREQSAT aims to function as an innovative product that can expedite disaster relief methods and directly impact communities that may be affected by recurring earthquakes. The Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) mission will consist of 16 3U CubeSats and will operate in one of three projected orbit paths centered on earthquake hotspots in North America, East Asia, and the Middle East. FREQSAT boasts an effective COMMS network where there is streamlined communication both to and from the ground network and between each spacecraft. This product aims to be utilized by a myriad of governments and disaster relief organizations across the globe.

Ice Melt Express

Maddie DeClue, Emma Kallianis, Payton Loftis, Jack Ross, Antoine Traboulsi

The aim of this project is to design a sidewalk ice melt spreader targeting home and small business owners in urban areas with a climate where icy sidewalks and low temperatures are prevalent. The Ice Melt Express is a remote-controlled salt dispensing robot that allows home and small business owners to easily de-ice their sidewalks and walkways. Unlike push salt spreaders and other current solutions, the Ice Melt Express allows the user to deice their sidewalks without having to step out into the cold weather. The device is battery-powered and features an aluminum frame, an independently powered broadcast spreader, two driven pneumatic wheels, a castering pneumatic balance wheel, and a 30-pound agitated hopper.

LEBEAU Mission

Griffin Goss, Juanita Latorre Jaramillo, Julia Maxwell, Louis Meyer, Mateo Salazar, Eduardo Teixeira, Jackson Woodside-Miller

The Long Endurance Buoyant Environment and Atmosphere of Uranus (LEBEAU) mission aims to provide important insights into the development of our solar system, features of ice giants, and our general knowledge of exoplanets. For this reason, a new flagship mission is being proposed to send three probes to Uranus to study its atmosphere. The three probes will be equipped with state-of-the-art scientific instruments designed to measure the composition of the atmosphere. Such measurements include but are not limited to temperature, pressure, and chemical composition. The orbit vehicle, which will carry the probes from Earth to Uranus, will gather data on the planet's magnetic field, radiation environment, and large-scale meteorological events, which will help to provide a better understanding of the overall dynamics of the Uranian system.

M.E.A. (Mars Exploratory Aircraft)

Chems Eddine Boudiaf, Alejandro Calleja Bezares, Atef El Nakib, Luis Andr茅s Mari帽o, Jorge Mart铆n de Valmaseda, Ainhoa Mu帽iz Quintana

M.E.A (Mars Exploratory Aircraft) is a research study focused on developing the design of an aircraft that will ultimately be able to fulfill missions on the environment of Mars, in which it will travel 100km to a chosen area in which it will loiter to take necessary data with the onboard sensors and will return to the base. With the assumption of established human presence and the disposal of suitable terrain for taking off and landing on the Red Planet, the purpose of M.E.A is to facilitate the discovery of new terrains that might be of interest to scientists by sweeping large areas in short periods of time. Why choose M.E.A. when Rovers and a helicopter have already been on Mars? NASA鈥檚 Ingenuity helicopter and Perseverance Rover, although being milestones in the exploration of Mars, could easily be replaced by an astronaut, it鈥榮 important to note that neither of them has the capabilities of M.E.A. which will be able to fly hundreds of kilometers in several directions at once which will ultimately be more efficient and safer than any other exploratory method previously used.

O-Bubble

Ketura Bates, Jesed Diaz, Silvia Lockhart, Michael Joseph, Nguyen Truong

As drone flights become more sophisticated technology keeps evolving. There is a need
for equipment to be more reliable, less prone to failure, and have a satisfactory level of stealth. The consumer is in search of a drone with minimum to no noise, suitable for places that require minimum distractions. O-Bubble aims towards these desirable features mentioned above. The innovative characteristics of this drone are ultra-light, focused on recording silent indoor events, capable of running on 60dB flight sound in a 1ft distance, and an excellent recording time of 1 hour.

Project Goose

Michael Blunt, Pasquale Brandonisio, Jordan Decker, Aaron Staszewski, Daniel Verdico, Benjamin Young

The mission of Project Goose is to design, build, and fly a small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to be used for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Light Attack roles. Goose is tasked with taking off from a 50-foot runway, cruise for 7.5 nautical miles, deploy a release glider containing a 2.5-pound payload which is then guided to its target, while the primary aircraft returns to land on a 100-foot runway. The payload Released Vehicle is a wing-only glider with a 2.4-foot span that is guided via a First Person View link to its target by a flight engineer while the primary aircraft is piloted by a second crew member. Additionally, the aircraft and its systems are to be assembled and airborne in under 10 minutes. To accomplish these mission parameters, the team designed and built an aircraft boasting an 8-foot wingspan and 15-pound Maximum Gross Takeoff Weight. The aircraft is capable of cruising at a speed of 40 knots for 25 minutes, providing a range of 15 nautical miles.

SANDY - The Beach Cleaning Device

Hannah Bessmer, Michaela Godlewski鈥�, Sheridan Grant鈥�, Christiana Hietter鈥�, Vassiliki Karamouzi , Natalie Lassak鈥�, Shaun Samuel鈥�

The magnitude of pollution that we see on beaches today threatens the health of humans and the health of our planet. After thoroughly researching the issue and realizing its magnitude, The Girls & Co. have proposed a solution to the problem. This group of engineering students designed, modeled and built a device with the capability of effectively and efficiently collecting waste on beaches. It's a device they are calling SANDY. Important elements of SANDY showcase the group's environmental concerns such as the device being battery-powered and made of sustainable materials. The importance of a device like SANDY extends beyond the walls of McDonnell Douglas Hall and has huge benefits for our planet.

Sidewinder

Alex Christian, Sean Maguson, Max Matura, Joshua Quezada, Sally Shim

The goal of the Snakecharmers is to create an inexpensive and accessible modification for a standard wheelchair, that provides motorization to a wheelchair that did not previously have it. The Sidewinder is an independent modification that is designed to be attached to many standard hospital wheelchairs, providing motorization controllable through both a joystick, and a cruise control system. The Sidewinder is designed to be affordable for those who cannot invest in fully motorized wheelchairs, but still want the convenience of powered wheelchairs.

SIRAAV

Stephen Hyndman, Eric James, Jeffrey Lewis

Design of a Search and identification vehicle(s) for natural disaster scenarios

Solar Desalination

Charles Carroll, Grace Coleman, Anthony De Luca, Hayden Eckstein, Jaclyn Heigert, Joseph Preboy, Humza Siddiqui

A solar-powered water desalination system for communities with limited access to drinking water. Used solar panels to power a heating coil that boils water. The boiled water condenses on a glass panel and runs into a bucket for use.

SprayBot

Reid Chunn, Eliot Ekindi, Ryan Evans, Elliott Guereca, Joel Kannath, Dylan Turner鈥傗€傗€傗€�

The Spraybot is an automated solution to painting lines on sport fields and on other mediums. The Spraybot is designed to reduce manual labor, improve accuracy, decrease painting times, and reduce overall cost of marking by using a majority of off-the-shelf materials combined with proprietary programming to offer a low learning curve and high execution potential.

Team MOMO 鈥� Autonomous Glider Payload Delivery

Marcus Klupar, Francisco Bueno, Michael He, Fauzan Hasanbasri

Team MOMO is doing a design, build and fly project. We are competing in the AUVSI SUAS competition this May and are tasked with delivering payloads to multiple specified ground targets. To do this task we have decided to build two gliders that will each carry the same payload. These gliders will be dropped from a larger drone and land safely on the ground within 15 feet of their targets. The design of our glider is built around the requirements of the competition and the prebuilt UAS that will carry the glider. By using an iterative design process and verification tests, a 2.8 lb. glider will be built to satisfy the competition mission requirements.

The Captivating Curiosity Initiative: A Framework for Teaching Higher Order Thinking to Adolescents Through Engineering-Centered Curriculum

Victoria Ervin

The careers of the future will be composed of people who think independently and who solve the complex problems of the future, and it will also be composed of artificial intelligence tools to perform repetitive tasks in place of people. The most fundamental principles necessary to arm the next generation for personal and professional success are complex problem-solving, critical thinking, and leadership skills. The current educational system is not capable of adapting fast enough to match the speed of innovation in the global economy, especially in relation to the further integration of artificial intelligence. The aim of this research is to find correlations between recent developments in adolescent learning methodologies, the correlations between intuition and decision-making, and how the logos that govern the field of engineering can be applied to adolescents beyond the scope or context of engineering.

The J.A.G. 1934

Michael Brady, Andres Castillo, Matt Metz, and Ben Wielgos

The John A. George (JAG) 1934 is a human portable, vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aerial vehicle capable of performing reconnaissance as part of a quick response to forest fires, search and rescue situations, or other emergencies. The vertical take-off allows the aircraft to be launched in a radius of 10 feet and a clearing height of 100ft, allowing for launch without a proper runway. Moreover, the JAG is designed to be a lightweight aircraft, with a 48-inch wingspan and weighing less than 20 pounds in order to be carried comfortably in mountainous terrain. Under hot, smokey, wildfire conditions, the craft shall loiter with a range of two miles for observation of the landscape. The aircraft is powered by a contra-rotating electric propeller-motor system with an 8" diameter propeller which under normal power will be able to loiter for up to 30 minutes. During the loiter, a GoPro camera will capture video for reconnaissance, while the aircraft will be controlled remotely. For the landing, counter-rotating props allow for adequate stability for a safe landing and recovery.

The Pack-It!

Michael Kenney, Jeremy Throndson, Zac Tiberghien, Henry Vance, Stephen Wilson, Tyler Winkelmann,

The Pack-It! by Project Icebox is a portable air conditioning unit designed for converted camping vans. It aims to provide climate control and safety in off-grid locations. This device is ideal for people that wish to utilize existing 12V car batteries in their vehicle to regulate the temperature in a small enclosed space, like a converted van. The portable nature of the Pack-It! allows for mounting and use without any permanent modifications needing to be made to the vehicle. Its unique active thermoelectric cooling provides a more versatile and environmentally friendly solution to this common camping problem.

VFS Design-Build-Vertical Flight Competition

Keegan Hegger, Chris Imbriano, Will Jackson, Caleb Kasten, Anthony Rizzo

The team is participating in the annual Vertical Flight Society's Design-Build-Vertical Flight competition. For the competition, the team will design and build a large quadcopter within a given set of parameters provided by the Vertical Flight Society. The mission requires a vertical takeoff aircraft to complete as many laps around a 1km course as many times as possible while being as fast as possible. The quadcopter is limited to a 20-pound maximum weight and is estimated to have dimensions 4.5 ft x 4 ft x 1 ft. Based on the way points are awarded to teams, the quadcopter has been designed to carry a heavy payload and gain the most points by having the heaviest payload.

Biomedical, Computer and Electrical Engineering

3D-Printed Bioreactor for Longitudinal Ultrasound Stimulation of Bone Cells

Ahmed Mahmoud

Ultrasound Stimulation for the use of bone repair has been on the market for over 25 years, and has been shown to radiographically improve bone healing for delayed or non-union bone fractures. However, the mechanistic understanding of how the ultrasound stimulation is transduced to elicit altered cellular behavior is not well understood, especially in longer term applications. We propose a novel acoustically permeable 3D-printed bioreactor for the study of longitudinal ultrasound stimulation of bone cells seeded in a 3D cryogel scaffold.

A Novel Device for Producing Mono-Dispersed Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Microspheres

Parul Nigam

This project focuses on designing a microsphere manufacturing device that will produce mono-dispersed microspheres. The microspheres need to be of the appropriate shape and size. The device is composed of two cylindrical tubes: one stationary outer tuber and a rotating inner tube. The inner tube acts as a rotating drum to help form the microspheres. A timing belt pulley system along with an Arduino and servo motor rotates the inner tube. An application of the microspheres is for them to be inherently radiopaque and have an appropriate attenuation value, which is tested with MicroCT imaging.

Analog Leg Pressure Sensor System

Bridget Boland, Angie Carey, Sean Kim

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can affect sedentary patients who do not get much use of their legs or have been sitting for extended periods of time. The Kendall SCD Smart Compression system is an innovative device designed by Cardinal Health that produces a fruitful solution to combat such conditions. Our project's objective is to see exactly how the compression system affects pressure both outside and inside the leg. The internal pressure will be found using an analog leg that has pressure sensors implanted inside the system. The external pressure will be found by wrapping a pressure sensor map between the compression sleeve and the analog.

ArmWare Prosthetics 4B

Shakhboz Hasanov, Matthew Draper, Caroline Smyth, Arthur Sosin

The ArmWare Prosthetic is a 3-D printed myoelectric prosthetic hand for below-elbow amputees. Electromyography (EMG) sensors placed on the arm allow the user to control input by contracting their muscle. This input, processed via Arduino, activates the servo motor to pull on or release strings threaded through the fingers, controlling contraction of the hand and allowing the user to grasp and pick up objects. The body of the prosthetic is a 3-D printed forearm and hand movable finger joints,which encase the hardware. This device offers greater independence to amputees at a low cost. While currently this is targeted as a myoelectric prosthetic hand for below-elbow amputees, the core concepts can be used to expand into greater prosthetic markets.

Customizable 3D Bioprinter

Ali Hamed, Aakash Nagarapu, Nick Navarrete, Claire Lois

A common problem in many research labs evaluating cellular responses to stimuli is the inability to build irregular 3D scaffolds of various materials and stiffnesses to evaluate cell propagation. Based on a series of proposed modifications to an Ender Pro 3 printer presented by a team at Texas A&M University, we aim to bring 3D bioprinting technology to biomedical engineering research labs to provide a new method for scaffold design. Using a 3D printed method that has the capability to utilize UV crosslinking would allow for more precise designs that can be repeated for multiple experiments. In this project we aim to design and implement modifications to an Ender Pro 3 printer and print biocompatible scaffolds. Further, we aim to develop a unique polymer blend conducive to 3D printing.

Development of a Matlab Code for Efficient and Robust Analisys of Microscopy Images of Glioblastoma Cells and Cell Spheroids

Alli Faber

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an extremely aggressive form of brain cancer with limited treatment options. Understanding how this cancer behaves in the brain environment will be critical to developing and introducing new treatments. Current research has focused on replicating aspects, if not all, of the GBM niche. To properly replicate this microenvironment, images of the glioblastoma cells within the manufactured system are required. Due to the large number of images needed throughout the project, an efficient method for cell analysis was sought with the development of a Matlab code. The created MatLab code produces a live/dead assay of 2D and 3D culture of dissociated cells and spheroids with 卤5% accuracy.

$distal third tibia fracture$ Distal Third Tibia Fracture

Tabitha Cacheris

For my project, I created a testing protocol to load a distal third tibia fracture into a MTS machine to examine the strengths and durability of specific plates and screws fixated onto the bone.

Glove Perforations

Isaac Beck, Mohit Grewal, Tyree Hicks, Ray Cedric Solijon

Glove perforations occurs often in the surgical room. This project is not to make a glove that prevents perforations but detecting those perforations. Our project is using a camera to detect the perforations. This is done by making use of the fact that most surgery's have a double layered gloves and they are different colors. Our camera detects the color of the under glove to detect a perforation of the top glove.

Improving Extracellular Vesicle Stability and Bioavailability through Electrostatic Nanoparticle Encapsulation

Connor Tobo

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contain bioactive molecules (e.g., proteins, microRNAs) unique to the cell of origin, making them beneficial for tissue regeneration. However, EV administration in vivo results in rapid clearance from the bloodstream, and retaining them in damaged tissues for a prolonged period is difficult. This project aims to enhance the therapeutic potential of EVs by preventing their clearance and degradation after administration.
To achieve this, we prepared gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) using the desolvation method. By adjusting the Type A and Type B gelatin solution to pH 4.0 or pH 8.0 before the desolvation step, we imparted a net positive or negative charge on the GNPs. The hydrodynamic size and the zeta potential of the positively charged GNPs were 64 nm and 8.5 mV, respectively, while that of negatively charged GNPs was 55 nm and -4.6 mV. Preliminary studies suggest that positively charged GNPs can be taken up by fibroblasts and are not cytotoxic. We confirmed the electrostatic attachment of positively charged GNPs to negatively charged MSC-EVs by observing a shift towards a larger hydrodynamic size and lower zeta potential. Future studies will investigate the impact of unmodified and GNP-modified MSC-EVs on myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and myokine secretion.

Infrared Image Recognition

Olivia Widdoes

Thermal Infrared Imaging is a growing field of image recognition with potential to significantly improve the safety of our daily life, applicable to car safety and home surveillance. I interfaced a MLX90640 (a mini-thermal imaging camera) with a Raspberry Pi Pico. I programmed the Raspberry Pi with CircuitPython, brought the sensor data directly into the PC as a 2D array of values, then manipulated the data to display a heat map. I also explored other Raspberry Pi boards and manipulations. This work relates to a larger project with Dr. Gai, which explores various machine-learning algorithms in the classification of digits captured by infrared sensors. To do this, we constructed the linear-discriminant analysis (LDA) and also adapted a spiking deep belief network. The ultimate goal is to develop a real-time system that performs infrared image classification for various safety applications.

Powered Hand Orthotic for Paralysis Patients

Jeremy Roenker, Aakash Nagarapu, Madi Person, Meghan McCabe

Approximately 50 million people worldwide experience hand impairments as a result of stroke and spinal cord injuries [1]. Individuals without bimanual hand function experience a loss of independence when completing daily activities, such as picking up a water bottle. In an effort to reinstate bimanual hand function within this population, wearable robotics are being developed. Although there has been significant advancement in current technology, present designs struggle to develop a solution that fully mimics the complex dexterity of the human hand without harming the user [1]. Moreover, most solutions only provide the user with the ability to flex their fingers to grasp objects but do not assist in releasing. Although the assistance in grasping objects is beneficial for individuals with partial control of their hand, this design would not allow those with complete hand paralysis to pick-up and release objects. Implementation of a glove that allows for finger extension, grip assistance, and object release has the potential to reduce the physical and mental effort required to perform bimanual tasks while allowing the individual to perform daily living tasks.
Group 3鈥檚 proposal for a solution to restore the ability to pick-up small objects in individuals experiencing hand paralysis as a result of stroke is a powered orthotic glove that utilizes small actuators to generate finger movements that replicate normal hand function. Our approach will include a voice recognition input component that allows the user to speak to open and close the glove, and then an output response will be produced by soft actuators integrated on the back of the glove controlled by an Adafruit feather bluefruit system.This design will fulfill the predetermined requirements needed for the powered orthotic glove, including that the glove portion will weigh less than 0.5 kilograms while the waist belt will weigh less than three kilograms. Additionally, the design will have multiple joint control such that each finger will have three bending degrees of freedom and the thumb will have two degrees of freedom. Furthermore, the design will allow an individual to grasp and pick up an object that weighs between 70 kilograms, such as an egg. This design proposal will produce a glove that can be worn by individuals who suffer from hand paralysis to pick up everyday objects, allowing them to regain a sense of independence in their lives.

Robotic Glove for Patient with Hand Paralysis

Olivia Johnson, Claire Mitchell, Emily Nunn

The voice activated robotic glove is a proposed solution to assist individuals facing hand paralysis with fine motor manipulation skills. An injury resulting in impairment to one or both hands strips away one of the body鈥檚 vital tools for self-sufficiency. The design described in this report will produce an AVR microcontroller driven system that will use voice commands to induce finger movements. More specifically, implementing this light-weight and portable embedded system in the robotic glove will make it powerful enough for the user to pick up a 70 g item, like an egg, effectively allowing individuals to regain a sense of independence. The user interface consists of a voice recognition system and multiple spring controlled linear actuators. A sound recognition sensor receives keywords from a microphone to let the user initiate the opening and closing of the glove.

SafeKey

Ryan Andersen, Rowan Elwart, Adelia Grapperhaus, Lindsey Postula

This technology, SafeKey, provides a method to catalog items and determine whether those items are in a predetermined area. A box is designed and manufactured to keep a log of its contents and maintain the security of those items. If an item is removed from the box, it will alert the appropriate user to this fact. Applications of this technology could be valet stands, building manager's offices, and car share services. In general, the technology should apply to any scenario where a user wants to keep track of an item in a communal space.

Seekster Bot

Abhinav Kumar, Jithin Martin, Nina Oforji, Rashid Ormani, Eric Suter

This goal of this project is to develop a personal-assistance robot which carries objects for a user. The user will place an object on the top of this robot and then walk to their destination with the assistant in tow following closely behind. The robot will follow a human user wearing a discrete symbol which it recognizes and knows to follow. Upon reaching the destination the user can remove objects from the robot and place them in a more permanent place. This device would restore some mobility and independence to the user who then need not rely on others to move objects for them. A target user is someone who is capable of moving relatively-heavy or otherwise difficult-to-carry objects short distances from a table/shelf to the robot, but who is not able to do so over longer distances. In essence this robot is analogous to a wagon or cart without the need to risk injury by pushing/pulling the vehicle. There is currently only one company making a product remotely similar to the proposed device, which is marketed toward wealthy technology enthusiasts who otherwise have little serious reason to use it. The goal is to recreate this technology for use in a more affordable product targeted toward people who have a serious reason to use it.

Synthesis and Optimization of Poly(DMA-co-SBMA) Polymer as a Lubricous Coating for Microgels: Towards Application in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

Andrew Schab, Grace Almgren, Maitreyi Bhagat

Osteoarthritis is a common orthopedic condition characterized by pain and loss of function in the joints. A feature of osteoarthritis is compromised mechanical properties driven by chemical changes in the synovial fluid. Biotherapies have been developed to reduce inflammation, but do not restore the mechanical properties of osteoarthritic joints. Here, we have developed lubricious hydrogel microspheres to restore mechanical properties and offer the potential for drug delivery into synovial joints. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres (100-400 渭m) were fabricated via electrospraying and dip-coated into a copolymer consisting of dopamine methacrylamide (DMA) and sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) monomers, forming a Poly(DMA-co-SBMA) coating. Microspheres were tested for mechanical properties such as storage modulus, injectability, and coefficient of friction. Coated microspheres were compared to non-coated microspheres and synovial fluid samples from patients with and without osteoarthritis. Future work will investigate the capability of these lubricious microspheres to deliver biotherapies, offering a dual-action treatment for osteoarthritis.

The Design of an Optimized Electrospun Scaffold for Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Interaction

Grace Yost

The Bruch鈥檚 membrane, between the retina and choroid in the eye, provides structural and functional support for Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) cells. RPE cells work with photoreceptors to maintain normally functioning vision. This project aims to create an in vitro model of RPE cells on the Bruch鈥檚 membrane. Electrospinning, a fibrous scaffold fabrication technique, is utilized for the production of a synthetic Bruch鈥檚 membrane. RPE cells are introduced to the optimized scaffold in a static flow situation to investigate the cell-scaffold interactions.

The modification of three-dimensional filament printer to produce ionically crosslinked hydrogels

Danielle McTigue, Natalie Roush

This study aims to create ionically crosslinked hydrogels using a 3D printer. 3D printing has gained interest in tissue engineering due to its precise deposition. Hydrogels are crosslinked polymers that maintain specific structures due to their composition. A complex hydrogel with small-diameter depositions can be fabricated using a modified 3D printer. A coaxial nozzle and separate syringe pumps were utilized to push a 1% alginate and 10% CaCl2 solutions through 0.090-inch diameter tygon tubing separately at rates of 0.40 milliliters per minute and 21.00 milliliters per hour, respectively, via a 22-gauge needle. Preliminary cyclic data confirmed that the 3D-printed hydrogels have comparable mechanical properties to the current model. Hydrogels fabricated with decreased flow rates produced diameters of 2 microns congruent with replicating the extracellular matrix. The various two-dimensional prints had length errors beneath 5 percent. These results indicate that 3D-printed hydrogels are suitable scaffolds for use in tissue engineering.

Three-Dimensional Confined Bioreactor for Collagen Deposition

Gabriella Coronado

Collagen is an important building block for the body, especially for articular cartilage. Tissue engineering allows for collagen production experiments from cells in vitro, or outside of the body to replicate extracellular matrix structure and exhibit collagen production and accumulation from cells to initiate polymerization of procollagen outside of the cells, resulting in increased collagen formation to self-assemble into fibrils to make up articular cartilage where collagen is a prominent component. However, many methods do not produce a realistic biomimetic environment outside of the body. Existing methods are either two dimensional or involve macromolecular crowding, interfering with cells鈥� ability to secrete collagen due to macromolecular interactions with the cell鈥檚 surface. The confinement method will be tested in combination with the development of a 3D bioreactor to monitor the amount of collagen secretion and improve the biomimetic properties of a cell environment. The model will answer whether it is feasible to create a 3D confined model and monitor diffusion and degradation rate of materials based on the material choice including the membrane to achieve the desired outcome of increased collagen deposition like the body鈥檚 natural environment.

$tibia bone fracture model$ Tibia Bone Fracture Model

Garrett Ellebrecht, Nate Platcher, Anna Zurawski

This project is a proposal for a new fracture model that displays the biomedical properties of metaphyseal distal third tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nailing with and without provisional reduction plating. The strength and design of the model will be established using finite element method (FEM) software before the physical development of the model is completed. The need for this model is demonstrated mainly in orthopedic surgery to understand the advantages and disadvantages of reduction plating, as there are patients with open, type III fractures that require surgical repair. Currently, there are no tibia models used in these applications, so it is difficult for orthopedic surgeons to understand or develop new methods of fracture treatments. Although the immediate application is to demonstrate how different methods of reductional plating affect tibia healing, this model could lead to further development of fracture models of other long bones.

Chemistry

A Research-Based Capstone Project for Organic Chemistry Lab

Kristen Kamp, Brian Woods, Louisia Yang

A multi-week research-based project was installed at the end of the two-semester organic lab sequence for chemistry majors. Up to this point in their academic careers, organic students (primarily sophomores) are adept at performing lab experiments that follow a thorough stepwise protocol. However, they have little experience with open-inquiry type labs or the research process. Most chemistry majors join a research group in their junior year, so this project was designed to introduce students to a research-like project. Collectively, the students performed a two-step synthesis of a series of molecules that have potential anti-bacterial activity. Working in groups of two, students were assigned a target molecule to synthesize, characterize, and report their results. The development and implementation of the pilot versions of this project will be presented, as well as lessons learned along the way.

Counter-screening N-hydroxynapthyridinones (HNOs) and N-hydroxypyridinediones (HPDs) Against Human Ribonuclease H 1

Mahima Bhasin; Daniel Bradley; Jala Chalichama; Holly Furby; Emma Inmon; Alaina Knier; Qilan Li; Anna Pan; Annabella Robinson; Razia Tajwar; John E. Tavis; Molly Woodson

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically affects over 290 million people worldwide and kills up to 820,000 people yearly by inducing liver failure and liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a double stranded DNA virus part of the hepadnaviridae family. It replicates using reverse transcription. Inhibiting the HBV ribonuclease H (RNase H) can prevent HBV replication. The N-hydroxypyridinediones (HPDs) and N-hydroxynapthyridinones (HNOs) are known HBV inhibitors. Human RNase H 1 and HBV RNase H are similar in structure and metabolic activity, so counter-screening of huRNase is essential. From all the compounds screened, the HNOs had the highest inhibitory effect on huRNase H 1. The HPDs had the best overall response to HBV (SIHBV) and were not extremely toxic to huRNase H 1. Compounds 1465, 1466, 1467, and 1618 have the best overall SI values. They are not the most potent, and they have decent antiviral activity.

Optimizing measurement of flavin reduction potential upon aptamer binding using spectroelectrochemistry

Regan Orr

The ability of biomolecules to bind to and change the properties of redox cofactors expands their potential reaction scope. Previously we have identified RNA aptamers capable of preferential binding to oxidized forms of flavin and subsequently shifting the reduction potential. The reduction potential shifts were determined using the enzyme xanthine oxidase. Specifically, xanthine oxidase reduces a common mediator, which then reduces the flavin and a reference dye in a spectroscopically monitored competitive assay. While aptamer binding was observed under a variety of conditions, the use of enzymes limits the conditions under which the reduction potential can be determined. Spectroelectrochemistry reduces the common mediator electrochemically and monitors the competition assay spectroscopically. Spectroelectrochemistry has been used for the study of proteins, but it has not been applied to aptamer characterization. Using our previously reported aptamer, we have investigated the ability to use spectroelectrochemistry for measuring reduction potential changes for aptamer-bound redox cofactors.

Progress in Thermodynamic Characterization of RNAs Containing Inosine for Improved Structure Prediction

Kip Friend, Danyang Liu, Brent Znosko

Inosine is a naturally occurring non-canonical nucleotide often found in the wobble position of the tRNA anticodon loop that has been known to increase transcriptome diversity due to its ability to form base pairs with cytosine, uracil, and adenine. While Inosine has previously been studied and nearest neighbor parameters derived for I鈥 and I鈥 base pairs, there remains a need to characterize inosine when it occurs in other types of secondary structure motifs. Zuber et al. identified a subset of nearest neighbor parameters which have the greatest impact on secondary structure prediction, highlighting dangling ends, terminal mismatches, and internal loops as motifs of key importance [Zuber, J., Hongying, S., Xiaoju, Z., McFadyen, I., and Mathews, D.H. (2017) Nucleic Acids Research 45(10), 6168-6176]. In the present work, RNAs containing inosine within these key motifs are being thermodynamically characterized using optical melting experiments. To date, ten duplexes have been purified and optically melted. Ultimately, when data collection is complete nearest neighbor parameters will be derived and incorporated into an improved model for accurate prediction of the stability and secondary structure of RNAs containing inosine.

Integration of Electrodes into 3D Printed Microfluidic Devices with Electrophoresis Applications

Molly Melzer, Major Selemani, Emily Currens, Dr. Scott Martin

The application of stacked PolyJet printing utilizing stage drops and multiple prints has allowed for the embedding of capillaries and electrodes in microfluidic electrochemical devices. The implementation of carbon ink and gold 100-micron diameter electrodes has been pursued for capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Two separate device designs have been investigated, both using stacked PolyJet printing. The first uses liquid support, a gold electrode, and embedded capillary and the second uses a brass mold to form channels, a carbon electrode, and thermal bonding to secure the print with channels to the print with the carbon electrode. Separations of catechol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine using grounded and floating potentiostats will be presented. Using a 3D printing approach for electrochemical devices allows rapid and customizable production of detection devices allowing quick changes in electrode types and design and quick turnarounds for same day to day after print detection.

Isobaric 6-plex and tosyl dual tagging for the determination of positional isomers and quantitation of monounsaturated fatty acids using rapid UHPLC-MS/MS

Michael Armbruster, Christopher Arnatt, Rhea Caldwell, James Edwards Mahmoud Mostafa, Scott Grady

Unsaturated fatty acids are notoriously difficult to separate and quantitate which result in longer separation and analysis times. Our derivatization approach multiplexes fatty acids using two tags which yield individualized fatty acid reporters. Using this strategy, we were able to simultaneously separate and quantitate 16 different fatty acids with a single sample injection. The derivatization strategy utilizes two tags: a quaternary amine 6-plex isobaric tag for separation efficiency and quantitation, and a chloramine-T tag for double bond identification. Upon derivatization, the fatty acids were separated and analyzed with reverse phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. 16 fatty acids standards were separated using a 3.5-minute RP-UHPLC method resulting in 14 of the 16 standards having resolutions greater than one. Each fatty acid standard was quantified using a characteristic reporter fragment. This strategy improves the signal-to-noise ratios and increases the peak resolution for the quantitation of fatty acids.

Expedient Synthesis of Thioglycosyl Superarmed Donors

Emma Mize

Thioglycosides are common building blocks used in synthesis of biomedically relevant compounds. Our group discovered an unusually reactive class of thioglycosides that we named 鈥渟uperarmed building blocks.鈥� The superarming reactivity was achieved via modulating protecting groups. Despite high reactivity and potential broad application in synthesis, building blocks equipped with the superarming protecting group pattern are tedious to prepare. For example, the synthesis of superarmed thioglycosides requires six or seven synthetic steps, several chromatographic purifications of intermediates, the use of toxic reagents, and may lead to weeks of benchwork. Poor accessibility to sugar building blocks in general, hampers the development of many therapeutic agents and diagnostic platforms. Reported herein is a streamlined approach to the synthesis to super-armed building blocks equipped with thioethyl, thiophenyl, and thiotolyl anomeric leaving groups.

Synthesis of Potential p38尾 Selective PROTACs

Ethan James

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a debilitating neuromuscular disease with no known cure. Misexpression of the DUX4 gene causes progressive muscle degeneration in patients with FSHD, and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an important regulator of DUX4 activity (1). The p38尾 isoform has been identified by our group as a target for selective degradation when treating FSHD, and PROTAC (Proteolysis-targeting chimera) molecules are being developed accordingly. PROTACs are heterobifunctional molecules used in targeted protein degradation, consisting of a 鈥渨arhead鈥� ligand that binds the protein of interest and an E3 ubiquitin ligase binding ligand, connected by a linker (2). Experimental PROTAC molecules have been synthesized by attaching a warhead with a known affinity for p38 to VHL and CRBN ligands, connected by alkyl and PEG linkers of differing lengths, in addition to other moieties affecting linker rigidity. In the future, SAR studies will be used to inform further synthesis of PROTACs.

Thermodynamic Characterization of RNA Hexaloops

Jonah Koch

Prediction of RNA tertiary structure from sequence first relies on the prediction of secondary structure using free energy minimization. Hexaloops, hairpins with six nucleotides in the loop, are a common RNA secondary structure motif; however the current model used to predict their stability derived from data collected for hairpins of various sizes. Here, 19 hexaloops that are common in nature were optically melted to determine the thermodynamic parameters 螖H, 螖S, 螖Go37, and TM. By combining this data with 107 previously melted hexaloop sequences from the literature, a new hexaloop-specific model to predict free energy contribution was derived using a multivariable linear regression. Compared to the current model, this new model is more accurate and simpler to use. This updated model and new experimental data can be used in secondary structure prediction software to generate more accurate results.

Determining the reduction potential shifting ability of flavin-binding DNA aptamers

Blake Recupido

Aptamers are identified based on their ability to bind to specific molecules. However, upon binding, aptamers can also impact the properties of their ligands. Recently, we have reported the ability of a flavin-binding RNA aptamer to shift the reduction potential of the bound flavin. To explore if DNA aptamers have similar abilities, we have undertaken a series of spectroscopic assays on recently reported DNA aptamers for flavin adenosine dinucleotide (FAD) and riboflavin. Flavin binding has been assessed in the presence of different divalent metal ions and under a range of pH conditions. The reduction potential of the bound flavin is being analyzed using a previously reported xanthine oxidase enzymatic assay as well as by spectroelectrochemistry. The results of these studies are expected to reveal reduction potential shifts, if any, by DNA aptamers and will contribute to the understanding of DNA鈥檚 impact on flavin redox behavior.

Identification of DNA Aptamers for IL-17 and IL-20 for Psoriasis and Diabetic Wound Healing

Kirsten Sully

Two interleukins are implicated in the pathophysiology of the diabetic wound healing process namely Interleukin 17 (IL-17) and Interleukin 20 (IL-20). IL-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine while IL-20 induces keratinocyte proliferation. Currently, antibodies exist for both IL-17 and IL-20, but no other biomolecule therapeutics, such as aptamers, could overcome some of the challenges associated with antibodies. DNA aptamers are a preferable over antibodies for inhibition due to cost and improved stability. Using a magnetic bead based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) approach, potential aptamers for the IL-20 protein have been isolated and sequenced and experimentation is underway to determine binding affinity and to compare with known RNA aptamers. For IL-17, we have completed the SELEX rounds and are commencing with cloning to isolate potential aptamers for testing and comparison with recently reported DNA aptamers. Our progress on these characterization studies will be discussed.

Iron-Catalyzed Linear Trimerization of Terminal Alkynes

Celia McGhiey, Jamie Neely, Madeline Stockell, Mitchell Vandercar

Catalyzed trimerization of terminal aryl alkynes proves to be a useful and efficient way to form C鈥擟 bonds. However, this process favors the formation of substituted benzene derivatives, which is reported in all but one previous study. To combat this issue, we have discovered an electron-rich iron (II) complex, tBuLFeOEt2, in which tBuL is a bis-pyrrolide pyridine pincer ligand. This complex selectively creates linear 3,5-diene-1-yne products, which are more synthetically useful intermediates than the cyclic products created without the catalyst. The linear products of interest can be made with both electron-rich and electron-poor terminal aryl alkyne substrates. Product selectivity and yield are affected by the reaction concentration and solvent. Current work is focused on studying the substrate scope of this catalyst as well as the isolation and characterization of the linear trimerization products.

Investigating the Reactivity of Differently Protected Galactosyl Chlorides

Shirley Syed

Koenigs-Knorr reaction conditions classically involve the glycosidation of a glycosyl halide donor with a glycosyl acceptor (alcohol) in the presence of a silver salt as an activator. Traditionally, the per-O-benzylated (armed) donor is more reactive under these conditions than the per-O-benzoylated (disarmed) donor. However, recently discovered reaction conditions have indicated a reversal in this traditionally understood reactivity trend. In this project, we are investigating the reactivity trends of differently protected galactosyl chlorides in a cooperatively-catalyzed Koenigs-Knorr glycosylation reaction.

Effects of Atomic Oxygen on Cell Biology using Dibenzothiophene S-Oxide Derivatives

Bashar Aziz, Ankita Isor, John Petroff, Ryan McCulla

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have proven invaluable in extracting vital molecular information in various bioanalytical techniques. However, we are particularly interested in investigating the potential of atomic oxygen, O(3P), in these methods because compared to other ROS, O(3P) has a higher selectivity for electrophilic oxidation of alkenes and thiols. Unfortunately, previous research on cellular responses to O(3P) has been limited due to the harsh conditions required to generate O(3P) and the associated by-products. To address these challenges, we have synthesized 2,8-diaxetoxymethylDBTO, a water-soluble molecule that produces O(3P) upon UV-A irradiation through photodeoxygenation. With this clean source of O(3P), we can now study the effects of O(3P) on cell viability, gene expression, and cell cycle distribution.

View this poster project

Synthesis of SAE-14 Analogs: Antagonists for G-Protein Coupled Receptor 183

Varin Gupta

The management of neuropathic pain (NP) targets opioid receptors to modulate their signal transduction and this is known to have side effects such as addiction and dependencies. GPR183 (Epstein-Barr induced gene 2, EBI2) is a non-opioid receptor involved in NP generation. SAE-14, a novel small molecule was shown to antagonize GPR183 and mitigate the development of NP. We aim to investigate the structure-activity relationship of SAE-14 by synthesizing its analogs. This will optimize the functional groups and pharmacophores responsible for the binding interaction of this small molecule.

Civil Engineering

Forest Park Trolley Extension Project

Urja Gajera, Donovan Jones, Adrian Martin, Francis Peters

The Forest Park Trolley Extension Project is an urban revitalization project located in St. Louis, Missouri. The project consists primarily of a rail extension to the existing Loop Trolley, which services the Delmar Loop and Forest Park. Structural analysis and design, stormwater analysis, foundation design, and vertical and horizontal alignment design was completed in the development of this project. The extension will include 1200 ft of additional track into the Forest Park end of the alignment, from the Missouri History Museum where the track currently ends, to the Dennis & Judith Jones Visitor Center. The project also includes the design of trolley shelters located at the two additional trolley stops, an overhead cable system to power the trolley, and roadway improvements at the intersection of Grand Drive and DeBaliviere Circle. The goal of this project is to encourage cross-travel between Forest Park and the Loop, and to make the service more convenient.

Lindell-Olive Redevelopment

Cooper Chiburis, Brandon Hoff, Kelsey Hoover, Kayden McCullough, Harrison Wooters

Crossroads Consulting, a senior design team, was tasked to redevelop the northeastern plot of land near McDonnell Douglas Hall and the Lindell-Olive intersection that aimed at improving 天美传媒制片厂鈥檚 (SLU) campus. The first element of the project was to redesign the Olive-Lindell intersection to improve pedestrian safety, traffic flow, and mobility in the area. Currently this intersection is a busy crossroad that links SLU鈥檚 campus to the surrounding metropolitan area of St. Louis, and it has been the scene of several accidents and frequent time delays. The second element of the project is implementing and designing a new dining hall for SLU. The dining hall will provide new dining options for students that spend most of their time east of Grand Blvd. The team sought to create a space that would serve as an option for community gathering, dining, and entertainment. Overall, the Lindell-Olive Redevelopment project supplied an excellent platform for students to showcase their creativity, critical thinking, leadership, and design abilities.

Midtown Vertical Garden

Amelie Buchard, Jess Garcia, Salim Nur, Bonnie Peccola, Jacob Reznikov

Beyond BeLeaf is an advocate for increasing green spaces on SLU鈥檚 campus. The proposed location is the unused lot on SLU鈥檚 North Campus at the intersection of Grand Boulevard and Laclede Avenue to enhance greenery, stimulate biodiversity, and foster knowledge and education for the Midtown community. The proposed Midtown Vertical Garden is a two-story, open-air structure that would provide three levels of space for plants and people to flourish. The structure has been designed to be made of steel and reinforced concrete slab to build the garden upward and increase the amount of space available for use. The whole project encompasses the structure, a parking lot, and a bioretention basin. The Beyond BeLeaf team is proud to present the Midtown Vertical Garden as an innovative way of designing urban green spaces.

The Brewhouse

Kateri Heithaus, Shenouda Kamal, Nguyet Nguyen, & Katie Zalewski

Arch Engineering STL is pleased to design a new dining and entertainment option on campus 鈥� The Brewhouse. The Brewhouse will be located on the southwest corner of the half-acre plot of land between Oliver Hall and Hermann Stadium. The project site is located near Hermann Stadium and Chaifetz Arena, which will bring many fans to campus and increase the number of customers to The Brewhouse.

Arch Engineering STL considered three alternatives and finalized the design that best fit our client鈥檚 requirements. The design of The Brewhouse considered many different aspects including the structural integrity of the building, the foundation, hydraulic design, transportation travel demand, and the civil site plans. The team created a schedule and cost estimate for the design and construction process to finalize the plans of The Brewhouse. The goal of this project is to provide students with more dining options and social areas to convene.

Computer Science

Controlling a Swarm of Drones

Logan Blaesing, Kunj Patel, Taylor Streff

Controlling a Swarm of Drones is a project involving the use of virtual reality (VR) to control a set of drones. The goal of this project is to allow users to issue commands through a VR headset in which a specified number of drones will execute those tasks. These commands include but are not limited to: takeoff, land, formation flying, and patterns. Added functionality will support users being able to hand off drone control to another user. Future development and scalability will introduce this novel technology into fields such as emergency services, surveillance, and law enforcement.

Machine Learning Code Generator

Kaitlyn Ashabranner, John Coffman, Boran Li, Tyler McMahon

Machine Learning Code Generator is an open-source web application that models the work of machine learning experts and allows users to generate machine learning code through a simple graphical user interface. The goal of this project is to allow people to use machine learning code to analyze data without requiring familiarity with writing machine learning code.

Mouser

Tyler Bush, Cori Diaz, Logan Wyas

Mouser is a desktop application designed for animal testing research. The goal of the application is to automate data entry and storage in a laboratory experiment, allowing a researcher little computer interaction while in the lab environment. Animals in an experiment are embedded with an RFID chip which can be scanned and automatically entered into the Mouser application along with other electronic measurement-taking devices. Mouser also features a login system with restrictions for administrator-identified features for differing clearance levels.

Network Congestion Control Emulation

Andrew Berry, Anh Nguyen

Congestion control is a mechanism used to control the arrival of data packets into a network, enabling a better use of a shared network infrastructure and avoiding any collapse within the network. Over the years, different congestion control protocols have been developed in response to observed congestion and collapse while fully utilizing the bandwidth of the network. These protocols use different network algorithms to avoid congestion therefore, it is hard to compare them when subjected to the same network conditions. This project aims to optimize an existing network emulation system that evaluates these different protocols by subjecting them to the same emulated network scenarios. We leverage two different open-source software- Pantheon and Mahimahi which allow users to achieve this goal. We optimize the emulation system by combining the two applications into a single software and adding more functionalities such as traffic prediction and real-time monitoring of the network.

Pi4Micronaut

Traison Diedrich, Austin Howard, Sinuo Liu

The Pi4Micronaut Library empowers creators to create custom IoT applications by combining Raspberry Pi microcomputers and specialty hardware. Pi4Micronaut is based on the use of embedded applications via the Micronaut Framework and Pi4J, a java library which allows the Raspberry Pi and hardware to communicate with each other. Combined with our library, anyone can easily plug in a variety of hardware components, LEDs, Rotary Encoders, RFiD scanners, LCDs, and more, to a Raspberry Pi and create a remotely-accessible, serverless application without the hassle of understanding the intricacies of how each hardware component works. While we only offer support for a small number of hardware components now, in the future we plan to offer support for almost any component a Raspberry Pi can handle. Using our library, we have already built a remotely-accessible attendance system using RFid cards and scanners, but the possibilities are endless.

Seeing is Believing

Daniel Mao, Carlos Salinas, Vishnu Sivaprasad

Seeing is Believing (SIB) is a learning management tool focused on language learning. SIB is a web application that helps students improve their pronunciation of words by producing spectrograms of student's voices.

Speech Transcription and Tagging

Omar Al Akkad, Sean Gerty, Drew Hediger, Jake Wahle

We look to be able to transcribe audio samples into a written format that is accepted by SALT (systematic analysis of language transcripts) software. SALT is an app that analyzes the speech of children and scores it according to their metrics.

Physics

Design and Fabrication of One- and Two-Dimensional Semiconducting Nanomaterials and Heterostructures for Low-Power Electrical Applications

Marcus Lespasio

The study of nanomaterials, especially their integration into nano-scale electronics, remains at the forefront of contemporary research developments. As technology shrinks in size, a need to maintain performance and low-cost solutions arises. Many such materials exhibit semiconducting properties and enhanced electrical performance when their dimensions shrink as the surface area to volume ratio increases, allowing higher sensitivity and better transport. Many previous studies show the promising capabilities of one- and two-dimensional materials, and when combined into heterostructures, they exhibit new capabilities. Some materials that have shown such unique behaviors are Graphene (Gr), Zinc Oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs), and Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2). In this study, we compare the electrical performance of ZnO NWs/Gr and ZnO NWs/MoS2 heterostructures, especially related to their semiconducting properties and viability to be marketed as diodes or other circuit elements in the electronics industry.

The Effects of Gamma Radiation on Microwave Resonators in Various Materials

Grant Osmon and Abigail Sohm

Microwave resonators are a fundamental component in microwave-based communication circuits and are present in everyday devices such as amplifiers, tuners, filters, and oscillators. In this research, the resonators of coplanar waveguides are being studied and compared to themselves before and after being exposed to Cs-137, a source with high amounts of gamma radiation. After examining the circuit鈥檚 microwave resonators and their corresponding internal quality factors, we can see the resonators shift and the internal quality factors decrease drastically. Several circuits have been used of various materials. Currently, Niobium circuits are being printed onto intrinsic silicon wafers and being compared to Niobium circuits printed onto a thin layer of quartz. By exposing these circuits to extreme temperatures at about 67.5mK, one can see the resonators and measure their internal quality factors. Using superconducting microwave resonators to study radiation and materials will lead to better radiation detectors and lower decoherence in qubits.

2022 Student Projects

Aerospace Engineering

Project H.E.A.T.

Robert Holzer, Brett Morgan, Tinevimbo Ndlovu, Martin O'Leary, Hunter Pritzlaff

Project H.E.A.T is developing a hybrid rocket engine test bed to demonstrate safe handling and reliable data acquisition to aid future hybrid rocket research and development at SLU. Overall, this project is one stage in a multistage process to achieve a spaceshot here at SLU, ideally by Park's College Centennial Anniversary. Currently, the overall project is in it's early stages where Project H.E.A.T. is helping to develop the engine that will power the spaceshot. Later, a rocket will be designed incorporating the lessons learned for Project H.E.A.T. and will be sent to space.

Project HIDAS

Daniel Montes

Unmanned Aerial Systems require intelligent control technology which must be able to adapt to different flight conditions and environments. Whether the system is able to effectively react to unforeseen events such as an impact is key to ensure their mission is carried out safely.

Real-time structural health monitoring can be useful to determine whether an impact has occurred, what the extent of the damage is, and how the control system should adapt to overcome these changes. One of the methods used to address this damage is measuring the resulting structural strain produced by the impact through the use of Strain Gauges. However, accurately measuring strain over the whole airplane structure at a high frequency is costly due to the sheer amount of data to be acquired and processed.

Here we show how a size, cost and power efficient high-speed data acquisition system was developed to read from more than 100 strain gauges at a sampling rate higher than 2kHz in a time-synchronized manner and send the real-time data to a main computer to be processed, as well as a method to find the proper strain gauge locations to optimize the number of sensors required.

Project HummingBird

Justin Pointer, Hugo Holley, Wesley Hawkins, Christopher Bale, Adam Walker, Elliott Platz, Trevor Akers, Jack Wahl, Brendan Muldoon, Nicholas Morrow

Project HummingBird is a fully autonomous fixed wing aircraft with vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capabilities, designed specifically for long duration flight to aid missing persons detection and geolocation in a heavily forested area. This mission statement is derived from The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) UAS 3.1 Triple Challenge. The purpose of the challenge is to advance Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) technologies by building and flying a UAS designed to assist first responder search and rescue operations in heavily forested areas. Specifically, the team is tasked with creating a UAS that can autonomously locate multiple missing persons in said forested area with the use of improved image detection and navigation techniques. This mission will effectively lower the search time and save more lives.

Project Silverback

Apogee Precision Engineering (APE): Adis Beganovic, Antonio Bunao, Micah Reichardt, Ryne Sandler, Tristan Stricklin

Apogee Precision Engineering (APE) is developing a rocket to compete in the Spaceport America Cup. The team is participating in the student researched and developed 10,000 ft. AGL category, which sets the rocket's target apogee at 10,000 ft. The rocket, titled Project Silverback, is a single stage M-class solid propellant rocket. Much of the rocket, including propellant, avionics system, and fuselage, will be manufactured in house. The competition is scheduled for June 21-25, 2022, where APE will showcase their hard work and dedication by reaching the target apogee of 10,000 ft.

Project VULCAN

VULCAN: Declan Byrne, Scott Elliott, Jarrett Irwin, Claire Jacobs, Jeremy Ling, Patrick Sullivan

The VULCAN mission attempts to investigate the feasibility of employing additive manufacturing techniques in an on-orbit, space environment. The mission examines the potential impacts and consequences that a 3-D printer payload would have on a spacecraft in low earth orbit. This investigation is performed using two methodologies. The first investigation is the study and design of a theoretical small satellite mission with a 3-D printer payload and is done through thermal, structural, and attitude determination and control simulations. The second investigation is conducted through a series of hardware tests using a thermal vacuum chamber with the goal of characterizing the performance of a 3-D printer in a near-vacuum, space like environment. The VULCAN mission, and the corresponding research, is still ongoing, but the most recent findings are presented herein.

Project Quetziliken

Quetziliken: Che-Hsien Lin, Jeremiah Polander, Jessica Smith

Quetziliken is a team of 3 Aerospace Engineering Senior Design Students creating an aircraft to compete in the SAE International Aero Design West Competition for Regular Class. The SAE Aero Design challenges engineering student with real world, engineering applications. Competing students will benefit from exposure and connections to industry professionals and will develop a fundamental understanding of aircraft design. In addition, they will become more experienced in: project management, budgeting, communication, resource management, team collaboration, applying industry rules and regulations, and developing, preparing, & presenting a technical report to customers.

Real-time Collision Avoidance for UAVs

Diana Baimurzayeva

Real-Time Collision Avoidance for UAVs a survey paper summarizes and compares the most relevant obstacle detection and collision avoidance techniques and applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.
UAVs became an important part of human life. Originally the technology was developed for military purposes, but fast expended toward civilian鈥檚 applications. It is almost impossible to imagine a life without UAVs, however safety is the main concern for such a widespread use of it. Non-military UAVs have been often reported as causing hazards to aircraft, or to people or property on the ground. Regardless of operating conditions, a high level of safety must be maintained to achieve the same level of autonomy as cars, such as collision avoidance with highly dynamic objects.

Biomedical Engineering

Cell Proliferation on Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown Carbon Nanotube/Zinc Oxide Nanowire Heterostructures

Emily Luc

Studies have shown the wide array of biomedical applications for nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs). CNTs have varying mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, optimal for biomedical research. With these beneficial qualities in mind, CNTs have been used in targeted cancer therapy, biosensors, and substrates for neural growth. Zinc oxide also demonstrates biosafety and compatibility with cells, piezoelectric potentials, and antibacterial properties that may be applied to coatings. In this research, the goal is to combine the attributes of CNTs and ZnO by growing CNTs/ZnO NW heterostructures via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). PC-12 neuron-like cells will be seeded on the heterostructures to determine whether they aid in cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation or show toxicity. It is anticipated that CNT/ZnO NW heterostructures exhibit both CNT and ZnO characteristics to applications such as regenerative engineering and drug delivery, just to name a few.

Drug Release of Docetaxel from Barium Hydrogels for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Nicholas Corker

This project is based on the drug delivery of docetaxel from barium hydrogels that have a sustained release profile. The hydrogels contain barium so the gel is imageable under CT. Docetaxel is used for treatment of the cancerous cells and we are using it for the scope of prostate cancer. The hydrogel will be able to deliver the docetaxel steadily until the hydrogel fully degrades, which is approximately 1 month. We are aiming to test if the docetaxel released from the hydrogel will kill cells from diffusion.

In-Vitro Glioblastoma Model

Shabnam Nejat

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) cancer is a vigorous and deadly brain cancer. GBM cells are very motile and infiltrate regions of the brain that are surgically inoperable which is why they鈥檙e so deadly. Research has shown that GBM cancer cells are present in the perivascular niche and migrate along areas of higher stiffnesses such as blood vessels and the white matter of the brain. The goal of my research is to develop a 3D model of the GBM microenvironment to study GBM cell invasion. In order to replicate this, U87 glioblastoma cells are encapsulated in a soft poly-ethylene glycol hydrogel. The stiff area of the 鈥渂rain鈥� is mimicked through a polyacrylamide fiber encapsulated within the poly-ethylene glycol hydrogel. The cellular movement of the U87 cancer cells in the hydrogel along the polyacrylamide fiber are observed.

O-SafeTest

2B Or Not 2B: Courtney Castle, Emily Deng, Brooke Hudson, Ivonne Larrea

Our project is a biosensor for the detection of opioid use episodes. In order to detect opioid use, the device will measure the patient鈥檚 electrodermal activity (EDA), acceleration (movement), and skin temperature. If all three of these parameters fall outside of the normal range, the device will be able to document this and send this information to an online database. Real-time data will be collected and would alert a counselor and/or physician, as well as provide the number and date of occurrences. The product is a wearable device placed on the non-dominant wrist of the patient to allow for easy use and comfortability. This product would allow for intervention after a drug use episode, as well as more accurate and less invasive drug screening compared to current methods. As a result, patients undergoing opioid addiction counseling would be provided the best care possible.

OBSense: A Wearable Biosensor to Detect Opioid Abuse Events

Afrida Atiar, Akbar Fidahussain, Davis Johnston, Elizabeth Redle

This project designs and proposes a non-invasive, wearable biosensor device for the detection of use of opioids. The device is intended to assist patients recovering from opioid abuse through self accountability and personalized intervention measures. The device can be worn around the wrist, and it would monitor the user鈥檚 heart rate, electrodermal activity, temperature and skin acceleration through the sensors mounted on it. The collected data would be transferred to a smart device app where it would be saved. The sensor modules would be programmed to detect deviations in the physiological signals from their respective baselines or equilibrium levels under normal conditions. Any significant deviation would be marked and saved as an event or episode corresponding to the use of opioids. A customisable alert system within the app would send notifications to the user and/or close contacts such as family members or caregivers for intervention purposes when needed. Currently, the gold standard for opioid screening is urine toxicology; physicians also rely on patients self reporting which may not always be accurate. Having access to the data in real time and being able to view the trends in occurrences of craving or relapse events, physicians would be able to tailor their treatment protocols specifically for the respective patients.

Seiz Ur Day

Joseph Capps, Connor Freeman, Andrea Regina Silva, Siyi Wang, Sherry Wisdom

Epilepsy is a neurological condition that is diagnosed when someone has had two or more seizures unrelated to another medical condition. Seizures are caused by disturbances in electrical activity of the brain and electroencephalograms (EEGs) are used as a diagnostic tool. The Seiz-Ur-Day device will utilize EEG technology to detect and monitor tonic, clonic, and atonic seizures. The device will use electrodes placed on the individual鈥檚 head to acquire their brain waves. Through analog and digital filtering components, the device will be able to isolate relevant information and patterns. The device uses an Arduino as a microprocessor to process and transmit the measured data. The data will then be subjected to machine learning so that there can be an improved accuracy in the detection of seizure-like data. The seizure data will then be sent through Bluetooth to an external device so that an individual can be alerted of the event.

The CPR JACK

Kathleen Botterbush, Colleen McLaughlin, Ariana Monma, Jahnavi Nadella

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique that can be used to restart one鈥檚 heart. It can be a life-saving technique, but when performed at the wrong times or incorrectly, it can cause more harm than good. To combat this, having CPR education more widely accessible is crucial. This app will allow more people to perform CPR during an emergency situation. The CPR JACK aims to provide this CPR education in an inexpensive and efficient way. It will be designed to help the user determine if CPR is required or not by running through the ABCs, as well as instruct the user on how to perform CPR by giving them step-by-step instruction with pictures to assist. One additional feature, an automatic 911 call, will also be integrated. Adalo will be used to develop this app. The end goal is to make CPR education more accessible and save more lives.

Biomedical, Computer and Electrical Engineering

CPR Life +

Gabriella Kohring, Daniel Rojo, Alex Wendl

CPR Life + is an android compatible app that provides accurate CPR instruction according to the American Red Cross Guidelines. This app utilizes a user friendly lay out combined with effective visuals to enhance user confidence in performing CPR in real time.

Fall Prevention through IMU-Based Standing/Fall Detection

Cadont: Kelly Kulig, Connor McCormac, Michael Nickerson, Carl Pickhardt, Aneesh Reddlapalli

Patients falling is a major concern for various health-care settings, resulting in increased medical costs, risk of serious injury, or even death. Cadont is a fall prevention device utilizing an IMU-based standing/falling detection and alert system. Current solutions commonly utilize pressure-sensors, which are prone to false alerts and are limited to certain locations like beds and chairs. Cadont solves these problems by being a portable/wearable device that uses gyroscopic and acceleration data to detect when patients stand, the most common time for patients to fall, and alerts the appropriate caretaker. Use of accelerometers and gyroscopes allows for classification of movement potentially leading to less false-positive alerts, while still providing much needed protection for patients and peace of mind for caretakers and families.

GaitFall

Michael Conlon, Serena Eck, Luke Kingsborough, Aaron Liekhus

The Gait Fall device would be attached to the top of the subject's ankle where the IMU components are located. If the subject becomes unbalanced or develops an irregular gait during their walk, the device will send an alert via sound and light to signal the user to correct their stance or walk. People who need this device are Elderly people who live on their own or in nursing homes and those who do not have adequate coordination or feeling in their feet. Through the use of IMU components, kinematic measurements can be taken and can provide multiple ways to detect when a person is about to fall. This device can analyze the normal walking patterns of an individual and send an alert to the individual when their gait is irregular.

LANAH: Seizure Monitoring and Alert Device

Anjane茅 Kendall, Gabriel Prather, Eva Gierloff Romera, Ingrid Rosko

Our Design Project seeks to create a wearable device for people who suffer from seizures in order to improve their quality to life. Our device scans brainwaves to detect the onset of a seizure and then notifies the user in the advent of an episodic onset via an app. The group's device is a wearable brainwave sensor connected via Bluetooth to an app that allows the user to track their seizure activity. The app records instances of petit mal seizures and allows for long term tracking of seizure triggers.

Seizure Detection

Neuro-Act: Kelly Campbell, William Kinczewski, Maria Madgalena Pereira Lopez, Rahul Ravichandran

The goal of this project is to design a device with the capabilities of tracking and detecting brain activity to identify oncoming seizures. Our team would like to positively impact the lives of people that experience seizures to make their day-to-day life unconstrained. We plan to accomplish them by designing a device that will accurately detect seizures before they occur which would trigger an audible warning. This warning would alert the individual with the seizure and surrounding individuals that an epileptic event is about to occur so that proper safety precautions and actions can be taken. The device will be created using a series of EEG electrodes, Arduino microprocessors, Bluetooth connectors, and a speaker among other components. It will process the EEG data and send a signal via Bluetooth to the speaker to tell it to alert the wearer of a potential seizure.

Seizure Prediction Device

e6th Sense: Steven Bentley, Charles Krebs, Michael Leontiev, Deeksha Sarda

This proposal is for a wearable seizure detection device. Current seizure detection procedures require patients to be continuously monitored using electroencephalography (EEG) tests in a hospital. This process can be taxing to the patient as they have to spend multiple days and nights in the hospital with limited movement abilities. The proposed device will try to eliminate some of those problems associated with current seizure detection. To give the patient more mobility and comfort, the device will only be wired to a battery that can be stored on the patient and healthcare providers.

Spicer: Smart Home Product for the Visually Impaired

Adam Blank, Adrian Ortiz, Jaeden Sizemore, Caitlin Zoschke

The Spicer is the next smart home product that will measure and dispense your spices for you. Just tell Alexa what spice and how much you want, and the Spicer will put it in a bowl. "Hey Alexa, I want 1 tablespoon of salt!" It is that easy. This product is great for someone that is visually impaired or disabled as it helps give independence while cooking in the home.

StatNav: A hands free device, obstacle detection for the visually impaired

Colleen Corcoran, James David, Yuktesh Kalidindi

Implemented as an embedded system using ultrasonic sensors and haptic feedback, our device will be able to detect the distance between the user and someone or something in their path. There are motors that will vibrate at a certain frequency depending on the distance. The motors will vibrate at an increasing rate as the distance to an object decreases. We have learned that visually impaired people usually have their hands full as most have either a walking stick or guide dog in one hand, and their cell phone in the other giving GPS directions. As our device will help them avoid obstacles, we also wanted to free up their hands. This device is a hands free device, as it will be embedded into a fanny pack that can be worn across the chest or around the waist area.

The Effect of a Real-Time Compression Depth Feedback Smart Phone Application (CPR Guardian) on the Quality of CPR Performed by Untrained Laypeople: Results of a Within-Group Subject Trial

Casey Nichols, Claire Tomaw, Vlad Trifunovic

The American Heart Association states that more than 350,000 cardiac arrests occur outside of hospitals each year, and about 90% of those are fatal. With only 11% of Americans knowing how to correctly perform CPR, it is crucial to provide bystanders with the resources and training to provide high-quality compressions to improve outcomes. Current CPR feedback devices are primarily targeted to medical providers, fail to meet the needs of bystanders, are expensive, and are not intuitive. Moreover, most bystanders will not have the device on them at all times. Our app-based CPR device, the CPR Guardian, fills these needs, providing a CPR guide geared toward a novice, tempo guidance, voice commands directing the user through CPR, and an audio compression depth feedback system all contained within the user鈥檚 phone, ensuring it will always be with them. This novel development is the next key step in reducing out-of-hospital cardiac deaths.

The Feeling of Sight (TFoS)

Spencer Buchanan, Kauyen (Abel) Chen, Janssen Gamilla, Connor Odum

The Feeling of Sight (TFoS) is a supplemental assistive device intended to give a person with a visual impairment a better feeling of their surroundings. Using multiple distance sensors around the users waist and a haptic feedback system, the user can gauge the distance to obstructions around them. The TFoS system is designed to be unobtrusive to wear and easy to operate. Future additions could include turn-by-turn directions, environment descriptions, and other methods for feedback about the environment.

United Heartbeats: Application for on Hand CPR Guidance

Brady Beggs, Cecilia Besancenez, Yichen Fang, Nachi Rotte

According to the American Heart Association, immediate Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) can double or even triple the chance of survival after cardiac arrest. However, most Americans get certified with CPR training and may never revisit it again until a life threatening emergency arises. We are proposing a phone application that will provide CPR guidance in emergency situations. With our android app, millions of Americans will gain access to audio cues and verbal commands regarding chest compression frequency and mouth-to-mouth guidance, among other instructions, for the three main age groups. Ultimately, the goal of this phone application is to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of CPR performed by bystanders in emergency situations to significantly improve the chances of survival in cardiac arrest victims. This app will have a simple and user friendly interface but provide important, life saving information during hectic and unpredictable situations.

Civil Engineering

NEMO: Neptune Ecology and Marine Observatory

Sunken Structures Society: Katelyn Mannella, Jonathan Stodola, Meghan Stukel

The Neptune Ecology and Marine Observatory, NEMO for short, is a partially submerged forward station for marine study, as requested by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The NEMO station is a two-story, partially submerged structure located directly off the coast of the Virginia Key, Florida. The station will function as a research center and underwater observatory consisting of laboratories, recreational, and residential facilities to serve NOAA鈥檚 need for marine, climate, and oceanic studies. Complete engineering design of the two-story concrete structure was performed by the project team, featuring structural and geotechnical engineering analysis.

The Skywalk Apartments

JAWA Engineering: Abdulrahim Alhajaji, Julie Gaona, Abigail Grunenwald, Warren Radford

JAWA Engineering is designing a mixed-use building to be constructed on the corner of Parnell Street and St. Louis Avenue. The building, Skywalk Apartments, will house 32 apartments in its two upper floors, and 10 commercial units on the ground floor. The primary goal for this project is to design attractive high-quality residences in North St. Louis adjacent to the other developments coming to the area, such as the MLS stadium and the new NGA campus. JAWA Engineering aims to ensure that development occurring throughout the northern parts of midtown continues into adjacent communities that have historically been neglected and forgotten.

SLU Rooftop Garden

Green Roots: Matthew DiValerio, James Spriggs, Gabbie Kowalik, Mattie Zautner

The SLU Rooftop Garden puts the needs of SLU students and faculty at the heart of the design. Due to the lack of ground area on campus, the idea of rooftop construction was proposed and the roof of Morrissey Hall was selected as the optimal rooftop due to its accessibility, available space, and structural capacity. With the addition of a rooftop hydroponic greenhouse, SLU will be able to use sustainable farming practices to provide fresh fruits and vegetables to the community. Water conservation is made a key element throughout the design by using a closed loop water system in the hydroponic greenhouse and by collecting rainwater for other rooftop plants. A functional and aesthetically pleasing patio space will provide a safe space for students and faculty to enjoy nature and be in community.

Saint Louis University South Campus Tennis Complex

Pictures of Abby Cibulka, Adnan Malkoc, Danielle Miller Gold Medal Design: Abby Cibulka, Adnan Malkoc, Danielle Miller

Gold Medal Design believes in providing state of the art athletic facilities to increase athletic success and saw a need for such facility for the SLU Division I tennis program. The tennis team currently must travel to an off-campus facility to practice and host tournaments; the Gold Medal Design team looks to remedy that with a new tennis facility on SLU鈥檚 south campus near the current track complex. The final project design includes six NCAA standard tennis courts, a large grandstand spanning 275 feet for optimal viewing opportunities, and a 10,000 square foot building featuring tennis and track locker rooms for both men鈥檚鈥� and women鈥檚鈥� teams.

Mechanical Engineering

Automated Pill Sorting

Robert McCormick, Timothy Metzger, Akash Sookun

The goal of the automated pill sorting machine is to improve pharmaceutical drug adherence by providing medications to patients/consumers pre-sorted at the pharmacy. This convenience will provide pharmacies an additional service for their customers while also improving the customers well-being. An additional goal of this project is to provide the product at an affordable price and in a relatively small form factor. The machine functions with the aid of a pharmacy technician loading pills into designated slots so the machine can then sort them into a days of the week bin. To achieve the retrieval and transport of pills several servos and pneumatic devices are used in a way similar to SCARA robotic arms.

Bicycle Rack on Rapid Transportation

Jordan Barrett-Elder, Joseph Cvelic, Peter Kickham, Jason Rohlfing

Worldwide urbanization has continuously pressured infrastructure to progress to support the masses. Rapid transit systems (trains/subways) carry the most passengers as many find it faster and cheaper than driving a personal vehicle. Bicycles are another efficient form of transportation, especially when travelling small distances (<3 miles). In utilizing both a bicycle and rapid transit, many could commute to and from their jobs in a significantly cheaper, faster, and more sustainable fashion. The purpose of this project is to make use of rapid transit by bicyclists more practical, increasing ridership and relieving stress of cyclists and pedestrians alike. The project deliverables will include a functioning prototype of a single bike rack compatible with a mass transit train car, as well as a project report analyzing the product and how it鈥痗an鈥痠mpact鈥痶he rapid transit system and bicycle industry in the United States.

Desktop CNC Router: Reimagining the Way You Tinker

Emerson Brazile, Nishil Condoor, Robert Selbly, Sean Walsh

In the CNC Router market, there has been a growing base of hobbyists who use these machines to create carvings and engravings made of wood and soft metals. There are several low-budget routers that can be found already, but several problems are prevalent including unreliable system-software integration, frequent device maintenance, and high cost for the product received.With a positive market outlook, a more cost effective and reliable machine is crucial in order to expand the ownership of these machines. Our proposed solution is a tabletop CNC Router that has enhanced portability, durability, and precision compared to that of the current machines.

Portable Tri-wheeled Electric Scooter

TriDent: Jose Acosta, Natalie Egherman, Sal Khan, Michael Luan

Tri-Dent is a three wheeled e-scooter, powered by an electric BLDC hub motor. It provides a compact mode of transportation that is safe, reliable, convenient and environmentally friendly.
Tri-Dent is intended to be privately owned and the primary market is adults who commute short distances (<1 to 5 miles) and are seeking a more practical alternative than walking or driving.
It features a long lasting battery (h3r run time), a foldable design that allows it to be carried like a suitcase, and safety features like speed control, disc breaking, and headlights/horn.

SD01

Ryan Bjerke, Garret Domash, Barrett Kurmann, Zach Rogers

Our project is centered around the redesign of a racing go kart chassis. There is currently not an American manufacturer that makes a competitive 2-cycle chassis. We have partnered with an industry professional, who has agreed to sponsor our project and aid us in any way he can.

The Deicing Bot

Reagan Anspaugh, Grace Flaherty, Elaina Johnson, Crystal Kimama, Sarah Kirsch

In the United States, ice storms affect millions every year. This problem is only just beginning as ice storms have increased since the arctic is heating up, splitting the polar vortex. Homeowners are not seeing this change as positive as ice usually leaves damage and injuries in its wake. Interviews show homeowners desire to stay inside as much as possible when faced with icy conditions, and they are tired of risking injury. There is a need for a device that has the capabilities to distribute deicing solutions across a property without physical intervention. The device that has been developed is controlled using a remote control, ultimately limiting cold exposure and slip risk for the owner. The battery powered deicing bot can be used on varying terrains, distributing both rock salt and a liquid rock salt solution to avoid dangerous conditions for homeowners.